{"id":2709,"date":"2018-05-25T15:19:07","date_gmt":"2018-05-25T15:19:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/?p=2709"},"modified":"2021-10-26T15:20:55","modified_gmt":"2021-10-26T19:20:55","slug":"r-v-wong-guilty-pleas-must-be-voluntary-unequivocal-and-informed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/justice-penale\/proces-equitable-procedure-reguliere-condamnation\/r-v-wong-les-plaidoyers-de-culpabilite-doivent-etre-volontaires-non-equivoques-et-eclaires\/","title":{"rendered":"R contre Wong\u00a0: les plaidoyers de culpabilit\u00e9 doivent \u00eatre volontaires, sans \u00e9quivoque et \u00e9clair\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Aujourd'hui, la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada a rendu une d\u00e9cision en\u00a0R contre Wong<\/em>\u00a0affirmant qu'un accus\u00e9 qui s'engage dans un plaidoyer de culpabilit\u00e9 vraiment mal inform\u00e9 \u2013 c'est-\u00e0-dire un plaidoyer fait alors qu'un accus\u00e9 n'est pas au courant des cons\u00e9quences juridiquement pertinentes au moment du plaidoyer \u2013 peut retirer un plaidoyer, mais seulement s'il d\u00e9montre, au moyen d'un affidavit, que il ou elle aurait opt\u00e9 pour un proc\u00e8s et plaid\u00e9 non coupable ou aurait plaid\u00e9 coupable mais avec des conditions diff\u00e9rentes.<\/p>\n

L'ACLC est intervenue dans\u00a0R contre Wong<\/em>\u00a0d\u00e9fendre l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la justice des accus\u00e9s. En cause dans\u00a0R contre Wong<\/em>\u00a0\u00e9tait la d\u00e9cision de M. Wong de plaider coupable \u00e0 une infraction criminelle sans \u00eatre inform\u00e9 que son plaidoyer le soumettrait \u00e0 une expulsion automatique en vertu des lois canadiennes sur l'immigration et qu'il n'aurait pas la possibilit\u00e9 de faire appel de son expulsion s'il \u00e9tait condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 une peine de six mois ou plus. Lorsqu'il a \u00e9t\u00e9 inform\u00e9 des cons\u00e9quences de son plaidoyer, M. Wong a cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 retirer son plaidoyer et \u00e0 r\u00e9tablir son droit \u00e0 un proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable. Bien que la majorit\u00e9 ait conclu que M. Wong avait pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 un plaidoyer non \u00e9clair\u00e9 dans la mesure o\u00f9 il n'\u00e9tait pas au courant des cons\u00e9quences importantes de son plaidoyer sur l'immigration, elle a rejet\u00e9 sa tentative de retirer son plaidoyer au motif qu'il n'avait pas d\u00e9clar\u00e9 ce qu'il aurait fait diff\u00e9remment en le processus de plaidoyer s'il avait \u00e9t\u00e9 inform\u00e9 de ces cons\u00e9quences.<\/p>\n

Dans notre intervention, nous avons soutenu que la d\u00e9cision de plaider coupable ou non coupable est l'une des d\u00e9cisions les plus importantes dans une affaire criminelle et rel\u00e8ve de la comp\u00e9tence exclusive de l'accus\u00e9. La d\u00e9cision d'un accus\u00e9 de plaider coupable \u2013 et donc de renoncer \u00e0 ce droit \u00e0 un proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable \u2013 doit \u00eatre prise en connaissance de l'effet et des cons\u00e9quences de ce plaidoyer. Un plaidoyer vraiment mal inform\u00e9 n'est rien de moins qu'un affront \u00e0 un syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale juste et \u00e9quitable. Un recours unique et simple devrait donc \u00eatre disponible pour un accus\u00e9 qui entame un plaidoyer vraiment mal inform\u00e9 : annuler le plaidoyer et r\u00e9tablir son droit \u00e0 un proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable.<\/p>\n

La majorit\u00e9 a estim\u00e9 \u00e0 juste titre, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 nos arguments, qu'un accus\u00e9 a un pouvoir exclusif sur la d\u00e9cision de plaider coupable et qu'un plaidoyer de culpabilit\u00e9 doit toujours \u00eatre inform\u00e9. Par cons\u00e9quent, un accus\u00e9 n'a pas besoin de pr\u00e9senter une d\u00e9fense valable contre une accusation pour retirer un plaidoyer pour des motifs de proc\u00e9dure. Cependant, en exigeant d'un accus\u00e9 qu'il d\u00e9montre toujours, par un affidavit, qu'il aurait subi un proc\u00e8s ou n'aurait plaid\u00e9 coupable qu'\u00e0 des conditions diff\u00e9rentes, la d\u00e9cision impose un fardeau proc\u00e9dural important aux personnes innocentes qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 priv\u00e9es de leur droit. \u00e0 un proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable, un fardeau qui incombera le plus lourdement aux accus\u00e9s qui se repr\u00e9sentent eux-m\u00eames et aux autres accus\u00e9s marginalis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Alors que les motifs majoritaires affirment le domaine exclusif d'un accus\u00e9 sur la d\u00e9cision de plaider coupable, le sort de M. Wong envoie un message clair aux tribunaux de plaidoirie, aux juges de premi\u00e8re instance et aux avocats de tout le Canada : les plaidoyers de culpabilit\u00e9 doivent \u00eatre inform\u00e9s parce que les accus\u00e9s seront souvent coinc\u00e9s avec un plaidoyer une fois la condamnation prononc\u00e9e. Le r\u00e9sultat envoie \u00e9galement un message clair aux provinces pour qu'elles investissent dans l'aide juridique afin de s'assurer que les d\u00e9fendeurs soient suffisamment conscients des cons\u00e9quences importantes qui d\u00e9coulent d'un plaidoyer de culpabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

L'ACLC \u00e9tait repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e dans son intervention par Anil Kapoor et Ian Kasper de Kapoor Barristers.<\/p>\n

Lisez le m\u00e9moire de l'ACLC ici<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Lire la d\u00e9cision de la CSC ici<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t

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\u00c0 propos de l\u2019association canadienne sur les libert\u00e9s civiles<\/h3>\n
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L\u2019ACLC est un organisme ind\u00e9pendant \u00e0 but non lucratif qui compte des sympathisant.e.s dans tout le pays. Fond\u00e9 en 1964, c\u2019est un organisme qui \u0153uvre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du Canada \u00e0 la protection des droits et des libert\u00e9s civiles de toute sa population.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les m\u00e9dias<\/h3>\n
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Pour d'autres commentaires, veuillez nous contacter \u00e0\u00a0media@ccla.org<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les mises \u00e0 jour en direct<\/h3>\n
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Veuillez continuer \u00e0 vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0\u00a0cette page<\/a>\u00a0et \u00e0 nos plateformes de m\u00e9dias sociaux. On est dessus\u00a0Instagram<\/u><\/a>,\u00a0Facebook<\/u><\/a>, Twitter<\/u><\/a> et Ciel bleu<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aujourd'hui, la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada a rendu une d\u00e9cision dans l'affaire R c Wong, statuant qu'un accus\u00e9 qui plaide coupable de fa\u00e7on vraiment non \u00e9clair\u00e9e \u2013 c'est-\u00e0-dire un plaidoyer fait alors qu'un accus\u00e9 n'est pas au courant des cons\u00e9quences juridiques pertinentes au moment du plaidoyer \u2013 peut retirer un plaidoyer, mais seulement s'ils d\u00e9montrent, via un affidavit, qu'il ou elle aurait opt\u00e9 pour un proc\u00e8s et plaider non coupable ou qu'il aurait plaid\u00e9 coupable mais avec des conditions diff\u00e9rentes.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1864,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,124,83],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2709","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-criminal-justice","8":"category-fair-trial-rights","9":"category-fair-trial-due-process-sentencing"},"yoast_head":"\nR v Wong: Guilty Pleas Must Be Voluntary, Unequivocal, and Informed - 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