{"id":2426,"date":"2019-03-21T08:08:28","date_gmt":"2019-03-21T08:08:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/?p=2426"},"modified":"2021-09-22T15:10:14","modified_gmt":"2021-09-22T15:10:14","slug":"ccla-at-the-supreme-court-when-can-the-police-arrest-you-to-protect-you","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/justice-penale\/responsabilite-des-pouvoirs-de-police\/ccla-a-la-cour-supreme-quand-la-police-peut-elle-vous-arreter-pour-vous-proteger\/","title":{"rendered":"L'ACLC \u00e0 la Cour supr\u00eame\u00a0: quand la police peut-elle vous arr\u00eater pour vous \u00ab\u00a0prot\u00e9ger\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jusqu'o\u00f9 les policiers peuvent-ils aller lorsqu'ils proc\u00e8dent \u00e0 une interpellation \u00ab protectrice \u00bb ? Des manifestants innocents peuvent-ils \u00eatre arr\u00eat\u00e9s m\u00eame s'ils n'ont rien fait de mal ? La police peut-elle proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une arrestation pour tenter d'emp\u00eacher une violation potentielle de l'ordre public? Ces questions et bien d'autres sont ce qui est en jeu dans le\u00a0Fleming c. Ontario<\/i>\u00a0appel, entendu aujourd'hui \u00e0 la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada.<\/p>\n

Randy Fleming a \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 le 24 mai 2009 \u00e0 Caledonia, en Ontario, par 7 agents de police de l'Ontario. Il \u00e9tait seul et engag\u00e9 dans une manifestation politique pacifique, lorsqu'il a \u00e9t\u00e9 contraint de quitter une voie publique et de se rendre sur une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 priv\u00e9e. Son arrestation a \u00e9t\u00e9 faite ostensiblement sur la base d'un pouvoir policier de droit commun qui n'appara\u00eet pas dans le\u00a0Code criminel<\/i>\u00a0ou toute autre loi\u00a0; d'arr\u00eater une personne afin d'emp\u00eacher une \u00ab\u00a0violation de l'ordre public appr\u00e9hend\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb. Une violation de l'ordre public peut \u00eatre un pr\u00e9judice ou une menace de pr\u00e9judice \u00e0 une personne ou \u00e0 un bien. Le terme \u00ab\u00a0violation appr\u00e9hend\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb signifie simplement que le policier n'a qu'\u00e0 \u00eatre raisonnablement s\u00fbr qu'une violation de l'ordre public peut se produire.<\/p>\n

Dans ce cas, la police craignait que les manifestants autochtones occupant le terrain sur lequel M. Fleming marchait ne recourent \u00e0 la violence. Lors de cette arrestation \u00ab protectrice \u00bb, Fleming a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finitivement bless\u00e9 par les policiers.<\/p>\n

La doctrine des \u00ab pouvoirs accessoires \u00bb, selon la Cour d'appel de l'Ontario, a rendu l'arrestation de M. Fleming l\u00e9gale, m\u00eame s'il n'\u00e9tait pas actuellement en train de commettre ou m\u00eame soup\u00e7onn\u00e9 d'avoir commis un crime. Les pouvoirs accessoires sont de nouveaux pouvoirs de police qui peuvent \u00eatre cr\u00e9\u00e9s par des juges de common law, sur la base d'une vieille affaire britannique. Bien que l'utilisation de pouvoirs accessoires puisse \u00eatre justifi\u00e9e (par exemple, la police enqu\u00eatant sur une apparente violence familiale apr\u00e8s qu'un appel \u00e0 l'aide au 911 est brusquement interrompu), l'utilisation de ce pouvoir devrait \u00eatre soumise \u00e0 des contr\u00f4les rigoureux.\u00a0chartes\u00a0<\/i>une analyse. Surtout dans des cas comme celui de M. Fleming, o\u00f9 le pouvoir est utilis\u00e9 pour supprimer la libert\u00e9 d'expression l\u00e9gale.<\/p>\n

L'ACLC est troubl\u00e9e par l'octroi de pouvoirs policiers de common law mal d\u00e9finis qui permettent \u00e0 la police de priver les gens de leurs droits fondamentaux\u00a0chartes<\/i>\u00a0droits \u00e0 la libert\u00e9, \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la personne et \u00e0 l'absence de d\u00e9tention arbitraire. Nous intervenons pour nous assurer qu'elles sont convenablement limit\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Les pouvoirs accessoires de common law de la police ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9s pour justifier plus que de simples arrestations pr\u00e9ventives. Les perquisitions sans mandat, les barrages routiers spontan\u00e9s et la d\u00e9tention de pi\u00e9tons \u00e0 des fins d'enqu\u00eate rel\u00e8vent tous de la doctrine des pouvoirs accessoires. Le pouvoir d'arr\u00eater pour violation de l'ordre public appr\u00e9hend\u00e9 requiert une attention particuli\u00e8re, car il est utilis\u00e9 contre des personnes qui n'ont ni commis d'infraction ni menac\u00e9 de le faire. Elle r\u00e9siste \u00e9galement \u00e0 l'examen puisque, contrairement \u00e0 une arrestation o\u00f9 des accusations sont port\u00e9es, les circonstances qui donnent lieu \u00e0 la d\u00e9tention ne sont presque jamais port\u00e9es devant un tribunal.<\/p>\n

Le cas de M. Fleming est donc exceptionnel, car il offre une rare occasion \u00e0 la plus haute cour du Canada de se prononcer d\u00e9finitivement sur les limites du pouvoir d'arrestation pour violation de la paix appr\u00e9hend\u00e9e. L'immense co\u00fbt soci\u00e9tal pour notre libert\u00e9 d'expression qui d\u00e9coule de ce pouvoir de police mal d\u00e9fini et non codifi\u00e9 peut enfin \u00eatre convenablement r\u00e9duit si la Cour exige un examen rigoureux\u00a0chartes\u00a0<\/i>une analyse.<\/p>\n

L'ACLC a adopt\u00e9 la position selon laquelle l'exercice des pouvoirs accessoires par la police devrait \u00eatre assujetti \u00e0 une\u00a0chartes<\/i>\u00a0l'analyse propos\u00e9e par les juges de la Cour supr\u00eame Binnie, LeBel et Fish dans leurs motifs concordants dans\u00a0Clayton<\/i>, d\u00e9cid\u00e9 en 2007. Sans un test plus robuste en place, les pouvoirs accessoires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9s pour justifier un certain nombre d'incidents d'inconduite de la police, y compris au cours de la\u00a0G20<\/a>.<\/p>\n

L'ACLC demandera \u00e9galement au tribunal de pr\u00e9ciser que lorsqu'une arrestation pour violation de la paix appr\u00e9hend\u00e9e est effectu\u00e9e, la personne arr\u00eat\u00e9e doit \u00eatre lib\u00e9r\u00e9e imm\u00e9diatement, d\u00e8s que le risque de violation de la paix est pass\u00e9. La d\u00e9tention prolong\u00e9e ne peut tout simplement pas \u00eatre justifi\u00e9e dans ces circonstances.<\/p>\n

L'intervention de l'ACLC dans\u00a0Flamand\u00a0<\/i>fait partie de notre travail continu pour lutter pour vos droits \u00e0 ne pas \u00eatre soumis \u00e0 des pouvoirs de police excessifs et pour prot\u00e9ger les droits \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d'expression et de r\u00e9union pacifique. Nous remercions nos avocats Sean Dewart, Adrienne Lei et Mathieu B\u00e9langer de nous avoir repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s pro bono, et attendons avec impatience de voir comment la Cour abordera les questions importantes que soul\u00e8ve cette affaire.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t

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\u00c0 propos de l\u2019association canadienne sur les libert\u00e9s civiles<\/h3>\n
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L\u2019ACLC est un organisme ind\u00e9pendant \u00e0 but non lucratif qui compte des sympathisant.e.s dans tout le pays. Fond\u00e9 en 1964, c\u2019est un organisme qui \u0153uvre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du Canada \u00e0 la protection des droits et des libert\u00e9s civiles de toute sa population.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les m\u00e9dias<\/h3>\n
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Pour d'autres commentaires, veuillez nous contacter \u00e0\u00a0media@ccla.org<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les mises \u00e0 jour en direct<\/h3>\n
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Veuillez continuer \u00e0 vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0\u00a0cette page<\/a>\u00a0et \u00e0 nos plateformes de m\u00e9dias sociaux. On est dessus\u00a0Instagram<\/u><\/a>,\u00a0Facebook<\/u><\/a>, Twitter<\/u><\/a> et Ciel bleu<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jusqu'o\u00f9 les policiers peuvent-ils aller lorsqu'ils proc\u00e8dent \u00e0 une interpellation \u00ab protectrice \u00bb ? Des manifestants innocents peuvent-ils \u00eatre arr\u00eat\u00e9s m\u00eame s'ils n'ont rien fait de mal ? La police peut-elle proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une arrestation pour tenter d'emp\u00eacher une violation potentielle de l'ordre public? Ces questions et bien d'autres sont en jeu dans l'appel Fleming c Ontario, entendu aujourd'hui \u00e0 la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":1449,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74,31,93,82,78],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2426","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-freedoms-expression","8":"category-fundamental-freedoms","9":"category-major-cases-reports","10":"category-police-powers-accountability","11":"category-right-to-protest"},"yoast_head":"\nCCLA at The Supreme Court: When Can The Police Arrest You to \u2018Protect\u2019 You? - CCLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/justice-penale\/responsabilite-des-pouvoirs-de-police\/ccla-a-la-cour-supreme-quand-la-police-peut-elle-vous-arreter-pour-vous-proteger\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CCLA at The Supreme Court: When Can The Police Arrest You to \u2018Protect\u2019 You? - CCLA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"How far can police officers go when initiating a \u201cprotective\u201d arrest? 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Can innocent protestors be arrested even when they\u2019ve done nothing wrong? Can the police make an arrest to try to prevent a potential breach of the peace? 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- CCLA","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/criminal-justice\/police-powers-accountability\/ccla-at-the-supreme-court-when-can-the-police-arrest-you-to-protect-you\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/criminal-justice\/police-powers-accountability\/ccla-at-the-supreme-court-when-can-the-police-arrest-you-to-protect-you\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/lennon-cheng-A6ROe4JqT0s-unsplash.jpg","datePublished":"2019-03-21T08:08:28+00:00","dateModified":"2021-09-22T15:10:14+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/#\/schema\/person\/f93b5b418cd10a90d35faf4e64816d1c"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/criminal-justice\/police-powers-accountability\/ccla-at-the-supreme-court-when-can-the-police-arrest-you-to-protect-you\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-CA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ccla.org\/criminal-justice\/police-powers-accountability\/ccla-at-the-supreme-court-when-can-the-police-arrest-you-to-protect-you\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-CA","@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/criminal-justice\/police-powers-accountability\/ccla-at-the-supreme-court-when-can-the-police-arrest-you-to-protect-you\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/lennon-cheng-A6ROe4JqT0s-unsplash.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/lennon-cheng-A6ROe4JqT0s-unsplash.jpg","width":2000,"height":800},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/criminal-justice\/police-powers-accountability\/ccla-at-the-supreme-court-when-can-the-police-arrest-you-to-protect-you\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE","item":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/category\/criminal-justice\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Police Powers, Use of Force & Police Accountability","item":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/category\/criminal-justice\/police-powers-accountability\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"CCLA at The Supreme Court: When Can The Police Arrest You to \u2018Protect\u2019 You?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/","name":"CCLA","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-CA"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/#\/schema\/person\/f93b5b418cd10a90d35faf4e64816d1c","name":"Guest Author","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-CA","@id":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/70a2873825b6959e219f727fb565b11f?s=96&d=blank&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/70a2873825b6959e219f727fb565b11f?s=96&d=blank&r=g","caption":"Guest Author"},"url":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/author\/guest\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2426","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2426"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2426\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6407,"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2426\/revisions\/6407"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1449"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2426"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2426"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2426"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}