{"id":1771,"date":"2020-12-04T02:56:05","date_gmt":"2020-12-04T02:56:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/?p=1771"},"modified":"2021-08-25T20:11:53","modified_gmt":"2021-08-25T20:11:53","slug":"ad-hoc-tribunals-during-public-emergencies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/justice-penale\/tribunaux-ad-hoc-en-cas-durgence-publique\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunaux ad hoc lors d'urgences publiques"},"content":{"rendered":"
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4 d\u00e9cembre 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nous pouvons \u00e0 juste titre \u00eatre suffisants au Canada \u00e0 propos de notre syst\u00e8me judiciaire ind\u00e9pendant de renomm\u00e9e internationale, contrairement \u00e0 nos voisins du sud, o\u00f9 la partisanerie transforme les nominations judiciaires en un cirque politique. Mais une d\u00e9cision r\u00e9cente de la Cour supr\u00eame des \u00c9tats-Unis\u00a0<\/span>sur une restriction anti-COVID de New York\u00a0<\/span>devrait \u00eatre humiliant pour les Canadiens compte tenu de l'\u00e9tat de notre syst\u00e8me juridique<\/span>. Ce n'est pas tant la d\u00e9cision elle-m\u00eame, mais le fait que cela s'est m\u00eame produit. Alors que les Am\u00e9ricains peuvent obtenir et obtiennent un jugement en temps opportun de leurs droits constitutionnels devant leurs tribunaux, les Canadiens ne le font tout simplement pas.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>La semaine derni\u00e8re, je<\/span>m\u00a0<\/span>Dioc\u00e8se catholique de Brooklyn c. Cuomo<\/span><\/em>, la Cour supr\u00eame des \u00c9tats-Unis a suspendu un d\u00e9cret ex\u00e9cutif de New York qui n'est pas sans rappeler les ordonnances provinciales rendues chaque semaine au Canada. Cela a \u00e9t\u00e9 une grande nouvelle aux \u00c9tats-Unis\u00a0<\/span>avec l'accent m\u00e9diatique<\/span>\u00a0principalement sur la politique judiciaire - comment les nominations du pr\u00e9sident Trump changent l'Am\u00e9rique.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Depuis quelque temps,\u00a0<\/span>Trois\u00a0<\/span>d\u00e9cisions de cette Cour\u00a0<\/span>ont \u00e9t\u00e9 lib\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00a0<\/span>sur la r\u00e9gulation \u00e9tatique de la pand\u00e9mie, concernant les lieux de culte.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

C'est hallucinant pour moi. Au Canada, nous n'avons aucune Cour supr\u00eame\u00a0<\/span>du Canada\u00a0<\/span>d\u00e9cisions sur\u00a0<\/span>tout<\/span>\u00a0pand\u00e9mie<\/span>\u00a0r\u00e9glementation par n'importe quel niveau de gouvernement<\/span>. En fait, nous n'avons peut-\u00eatre pas une seule d\u00e9cision d'appel sur un r\u00e8glement en cas de pand\u00e9mie, o\u00f9 que ce soit au Canada.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>C'est vrai que\u00a0<\/span>les<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>susmentionn\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>La d\u00e9cision am\u00e9ricaine \u00e9tait un appel d'injonction, qui avance plus rapidement que les jugements d\u00e9finitifs. Mais nous n'avons pas d'appels d'injonction canadiens sur la pand\u00e9mie se dirigeant vers Ottawa.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

W<\/span>Ce qui est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 aux \u00c9tats-Unis et dans d'autres pays encore plus litigieux (comme l'Allemagne, la Su\u00e8de, Isra\u00ebl) est une attention juridique plus rigoureuse accord\u00e9e aux droits de l'homme. Le b\u00e9b\u00e9 n'est pas jet\u00e9 avec l'eau du bain \u2013 il y a beaucoup de d\u00e9f\u00e9rence envers les justifications ex\u00e9cutives pour des restrictions proportionn\u00e9es et empiriquement solides. C'est simplement plus d\u00e9mocratique.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Globalement,\u00a0<\/span>t<\/span>ici c'est loin<\/span>\u00a0moins de litiges par habitant au Canada<\/span>, m\u00eame par rapport \u00e0 nos pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseurs coloniaux britanniques et fran\u00e7ais.\u00a0<\/span><\/a>\u00a0C'est tellement<\/span>\u00a0pour diverses raisons,\u00a0<\/span>additionnant \u00e0 un\u00a0<\/span>vicieux<\/span>\u00a0cycle de pouvoir gouvernemental incontr\u00f4l\u00e9<\/span>. Si l'on sait qu'aucun recours ne peut \u00eatre trouv\u00e9 pour un droit, parce qu'il faut tellement de temps pour qu'une affaire soit devant les tribunaux, alors on est beaucoup moins susceptible de lancer un litige en premier lieu. Aussi, parce que les litiges d'int\u00e9r\u00eat public sont\u00a0<\/span>donc<\/span>\u00a0rare au Canada, les justiciables sont soumis \u00e0 un examen minutieux inhabituel pour l'avoir lanc\u00e9 en premier lieu.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Par exemple, le maire de Toronto a d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 les poursuites intent\u00e9es par notre organisation avec une coalition d'activistes et de fournisseurs de sans-abri en avril dernier<\/span>\u00a0concernant la mauvaise gestion de l'itin\u00e9rance par la Ville<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00abJe pense que des choses comme ce proc\u00e8s ne sont pas seulement\u00a0<\/span>peu serviable<\/span>; c'est improductif car cela prend du temps au personnel de la ville qui r\u00e9pond r\u00e9ellement \u00e0 la crise pour r\u00e9diger \u00e0 la place des notes juridiques \u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9.<\/span>\u00a0 Maintenant \u00e7a\u00a0<\/span>est expert<\/span>\u00a0politique\u00a0<\/span>tournoyer<\/span>, mais il<\/span>'s\u00a0<\/span>aussi<\/span>\u00a0fou-parler, parce que\u00a0<\/span>la Ville a retenu les services d'avocats pour d\u00e9fendre notre cause, pas de personnel de logement\u00a0!<\/span>!<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

canadien\u00a0<\/span>r\u00e9<\/span>envie de faire des vagues juridiques\u00a0<\/span>affecte les institutions, les entreprises et peut-\u00eatre m\u00eame\u00a0<\/span>les t\u00e9moins experts\u00a0<\/span>trop souvent\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e9cessaire pour\u00a0<\/span>cette\u00a0<\/span>litige. D\u00e9couverte\u00a0<\/span>une<\/span>m\u00a0<\/span>\u00e9pid\u00e9miologiste pr\u00eat \u00e0 t\u00e9moigner contre une r\u00e9glementation pand\u00e9mique\u00a0<\/span>m'a rappel\u00e9 de trouver un technologue pr\u00eat \u00e0 t\u00e9moigner contre Google, \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque o\u00f9 nous \u00e9tions en litige sur le front de mer de Quayside<\/span>\u00a0projet<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Bonne chance, surtout si vous \u00eates<\/span>\u00a0une petite charit\u00e9 comme la n\u00f4tre,\u00a0<\/span>ou un<\/span>\u00a0petite entreprise, sans parler d'un particulier.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mais ne vous m\u00e9prenez pas. Le principal obstacle \u00e0 l'adjudication en temps opportun<\/span>di<\/span>cation de nos droits constitutionnels est l'administration de la justice au Canada.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Les juges et les avocats travaillent tr\u00e8s dur. Il n'y a tout simplement pas assez de tribunaux avec assez de juges avec une capacit\u00e9 suffisante pour g\u00e9rer une urgence judiciaire\u00a0<\/span>probl\u00e8me avec exp\u00e9dition en bonne et due forme. Nous ne sommes pas construits comme le syst\u00e8me am\u00e9ricain, \u00e0 cause d'une p\u00e9nurie d'approvisionnement, ce qui renforce une demande ti\u00e8de. Le r\u00e9sultat est\u00a0<\/span>un frein \u00e0 notre libert\u00e9, notre d\u00e9mocratie.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s tout,\u00a0<\/span>ces tribunaux am\u00e9ricains sont\u00a0<\/span>forcer\u00a0<\/span>f\u00e9d\u00e9ral et tous les \u00e9tats<\/span>\u00a0gouvernements d'aller au-del\u00e0 d'un d\u00e9bat paresseux et exag\u00e9r\u00e9 sur la vie plut\u00f4t que sur la libert\u00e9. Si c'\u00e9tait vrai, alors pourquoi ne pas simplement gouverner comme la Chine, imposer l'assignation \u00e0 r\u00e9sidence \u00e0 tous, sans exception ? Parce que nous pouvons faire mieux au Canada. Nous pouvons utiliser un scalpel, pas un\u00a0<\/span>masse<\/span>, d'imposer des limitations n\u00e9cessaires, proportionn\u00e9es et manifestement justifi\u00e9es\u00a0<\/span>de<\/span>\u00a0nos libert\u00e9s constitutionnelles.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Puisque nous ne pouvons pas\u00a0<\/span>r\u00e9volutionner<\/span>\u00a0notre syst\u00e8me juridique du jour au lendemain pour rendre justice en temps opportun, il est peut-\u00eatre temps pour le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral de faire preuve de sa force constitutionnelle pour installer des tribunaux ad hoc lors d'urgences publiques pour que le petit gars obtienne une audience<\/span>\u00a0- enr\u00f4lement<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>avocats, parajuristes et\u00a0<\/span>la riche industrie de l'arbitrage au Canada \u00e0 entreprendre un service public suppl\u00e9mentaire. Ou Dieu nous en pr\u00e9serve, <\/span>Gouvernements\u00a0<\/span>pourrait<\/span>\u00a0instamment\u00a0<\/span>nommer\u00a0<\/span>assez\u00a0<\/span>juges<\/span>\u00a0et le personnel judiciaire<\/span>, en particulier maintenant que les salles d'audience peuvent \u00eatre remplac\u00e9es par des audiences en ligne.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Appelons cela la gestion d'urgence de nos droits, pour renforcer la confiance du public dans le Canada de plus en plus\u00a0<\/span>exc\u00e9d\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0gouvernance pand\u00e9mique.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Michael Bryant est directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l'Association canadienne des libert\u00e9s civiles et a \u00e9t\u00e9 le 35<\/span><\/em>e<\/span><\/em>\u00a0procureur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l'Ontario, il admet donc qu'il est en partie \u00e0 bl\u00e2mer.<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t

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\u00c0 propos de l\u2019association canadienne sur les libert\u00e9s civiles<\/h3>\n
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L\u2019ACLC est un organisme ind\u00e9pendant \u00e0 but non lucratif qui compte des sympathisant.e.s dans tout le pays. Fond\u00e9 en 1964, c\u2019est un organisme qui \u0153uvre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du Canada \u00e0 la protection des droits et des libert\u00e9s civiles de toute sa population.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les m\u00e9dias<\/h3>\n
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Pour d'autres commentaires, veuillez nous contacter \u00e0\u00a0media@ccla.org<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les mises \u00e0 jour en direct<\/h3>\n
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Veuillez continuer \u00e0 vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0\u00a0cette page<\/a>\u00a0et \u00e0 nos plateformes de m\u00e9dias sociaux. On est dessus\u00a0Instagram<\/u><\/a>,\u00a0Facebook<\/u><\/a>, Twitter<\/u><\/a> et Ciel bleu<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nous pouvons \u00e0 juste titre \u00eatre suffisants au Canada \u00e0 propos de notre syst\u00e8me judiciaire ind\u00e9pendant de renomm\u00e9e internationale, contrairement \u00e0 nos voisins du sud, o\u00f9 la partisanerie transforme les nominations judiciaires en un cirque politique. Mais une d\u00e9cision r\u00e9cente de la Cour supr\u00eame des \u00c9tats-Unis sur une restriction anti-COVID de New York devrait \u00eatre humiliante pour les Canadiens compte tenu de l'\u00e9tat de notre syst\u00e8me juridique.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":1864,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,39,83],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-1771","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-covid-19","8":"category-criminal-justice","9":"category-fair-trial-due-process-sentencing"},"yoast_head":"\nAd Hoc Tribunals During Public Emergencies - CCLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/justice-penale\/tribunaux-ad-hoc-en-cas-durgence-publique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ad Hoc Tribunals During Public Emergencies - CCLA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"We can be justifiably smug in Canada about our internationally renowned independent judiciary, in contrast to our southern neighbours, where partisanship turns judicial appointments into a political circus. 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