{"id":11917,"date":"2026-03-26T13:58:01","date_gmt":"2026-03-26T17:58:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/?p=11917"},"modified":"2026-03-26T14:33:56","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T18:33:56","slug":"bill-21-at-the-scc-day-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ccla.org\/fr\/communique-de-presse\/bill-21-at-the-scc-day-4\/","title":{"rendered":"la Loi 21 au CCN : 4e jour"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Au quatri\u00e8me et dernier jour des audiences devant la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada qui d\u00e9terminera la constitutionnalit\u00e9 du projet de loi 21 et l\u2019utilisation appropri\u00e9e de la disposition de d\u00e9rogation, les vingt-sept intervenants restants ont expos\u00e9 leurs observations. Pendant les trente derni\u00e8res minutes, les appelants ont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 leur r\u00e9ponse. Ces observations ont trait\u00e9 collectivement de tout l\u2019\u00e9ventail des questions juridiques devant la Cour, tout en soulignant \u00e9galement les cons\u00e9quences du projet de loi 21 dans le monde r\u00e9el, en particulier pour les communaut\u00e9s marginalis\u00e9es, y compris les femmes musulmanes, et les risques pos\u00e9s par l\u2019utilisation sans restriction de la disposition de d\u00e9rogation.<\/p>\n

Comme le jour pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, de nombreux intervenants ont fait valoir que l\u2019article 33 de la Charte n\u2019emp\u00eache pas les tribunaux de prendre une mesure de redressement d\u00e9claratoire quand des gouvernements invoquent la disposition d\u00e9rogatoire. Ils ont soulign\u00e9 que ce genre de redressement est indispensable au maintien de la responsabilit\u00e9 l\u00e9gislative. Plusieurs intervenants ont \u00e9galement insist\u00e9 sur l\u2019importance concr\u00e8te de la surveillance judiciaire. Le Congr\u00e8s du travail du Canada a fait remarquer qu\u2019il est irr\u00e9aliste d\u2019attendre que les groupes marginalis\u00e9s mobilisent les ressources n\u00e9cessaires pour exercer une influence sur les \u00e9lus et a rappel\u00e9 que les tribunaux demeurent une tribune essentielle et accessible pour faire valoir les droits. Dans le m\u00eame ordre d\u2019id\u00e9e, le Conseil canadien des femmes musulmanes a soulign\u00e9 que le redressement d\u00e9claratoire peut confirmer et l\u00e9gitimer l\u2019exp\u00e9rience v\u00e9cue des victimes de discrimination.<\/p>\n

D\u2019autres intervenants ont mis l\u2019accent sur les limites appropri\u00e9es de la clause de d\u00e9rogation. Allan Rock, qui repr\u00e9sentait le Centre Samara pour la d\u00e9mocratie, a averti que le recours pr\u00e9ventif \u00e0 l\u2019article 33 va \u00e0 l\u2019encontre de l\u2019attente que les assembl\u00e9es l\u00e9gislatives s\u2019efforcent d\u2019adopter des lois conformes \u00e0 la Constitution. Eric Freeman, au nom d\u2019\u00c9gale Canada, a ajout\u00e9 que les tribunaux devraient conserver le pouvoir d\u2019examiner de mani\u00e8re approfondie l\u2019invocation de l\u2019article 33 par un gouvernement, y compris en \u00e9valuant si la loi sous-jacente poursuit un objectif pressant et substantiel.<\/p>\n

Les intervenants ont \u00e9galement attir\u00e9 l\u2019attention de la Cour sur les pr\u00e9judices concrets caus\u00e9s par le projet de loi 21, en particulier pour les femmes musulmanes. L\u2019organisme Barbara Schlifer Commemorative Clinic et d\u2019autres intervenants ont soulign\u00e9 que les avocates qui portent un hijab ou un niqab ont subi une entrave \u00e0 leur parcours professionnel, y compris \u00e0 la repr\u00e9sentation de clients, en cons\u00e9quence directe de la loi. Sujit Choudhry a exhort\u00e9 la Cour \u00e0 appliquer une analyse intersectionnelle en argumentant que le projet de loi viole l\u2019article 15 en s\u2019appuyant sur la triple discrimination subie par les femmes racis\u00e9es musulmanes, \u00e0 l\u2019intersection de la race, de la religion et du genre. Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que cette perspective doit \u00e9clairer l\u2019analyse de l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 par la Cour et les r\u00e9parations fond\u00e9es sur la Charte.<\/p>\n

L\u2019audience s\u2019est conclue par la r\u00e9ponse des six appelants. Perri Ravon, l\u2019avocat repr\u00e9sentant la Commission scolaire English-Montr\u00e9al, a rappel\u00e9 \u00e0 la Cour que le dossier de l\u2019affaire a clairement d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que le projet de loi 21 nuit de mani\u00e8re disproportionn\u00e9e aux femmes musulmanes et que la pr\u00e9sence de symboles religieux dans les \u00e9coles n\u2019a aucune incidence n\u00e9gative sur les \u00e9l\u00e8ves. Olga Redko, avocate b\u00e9n\u00e9vole pour l\u2019ACLC, le CNMC et Mme Hak, a affirm\u00e9 que des motifs convaincants justifient la d\u00e9cision de la Cour d\u2019accorder, en vertu de l\u2019article 52 de la Constitution, une r\u00e9paration qui aurait des retomb\u00e9es concr\u00e8tes pour les personnes affect\u00e9es par cette loi. En fin de compte, la d\u00e9cision d\u2019accorder ou non une r\u00e9paration de ce genre pourra soulever une question fondamentale, \u00e0 savoir s\u2019il demeure une place importante pour les libert\u00e9s civiles au Canada ou si les assembl\u00e9es l\u00e9gislatives peuvent passer outre \u00e0 celles-ci par un vote \u00e0 la majorit\u00e9 simple.<\/p>\n

Cette affaire aura de profondes implications pour les droits et les libert\u00e9s dans tout le Canada. De nombreuses personnes ont vu leur vie et leur gagne-pain boulevers\u00e9s par le projet de loi 21 et une vaste coalition d\u2019avocats, d\u2019organismes de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile et de membres de la collectivit\u00e9 a travaill\u00e9 inlassablement en vue de pr\u00e9senter cette contestation. Leurs efforts illustrent une d\u00e9termination in\u00e9branlable \u00e0 s\u2019assurer que la Charte demeure un instrument \u00e9volutif et pertinent pour tout le monde.<\/p>\n

La Cour a r\u00e9serv\u00e9 sa d\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n

Nous sommes infiniment reconnaissants \u00e0 David Grossman, \u00e0 Olga Redko et \u00e0 Marie-H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lyonnais, du cabinet IMK, de leur excellente repr\u00e9sentation b\u00e9n\u00e9vole dans cette affaire.<\/p>\n

\u00c9crit par Henrique Oliveira<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t

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\u00c0 propos de l\u2019association canadienne sur les libert\u00e9s civiles<\/h3>\n
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L\u2019ACLC est un organisme ind\u00e9pendant \u00e0 but non lucratif qui compte des sympathisant.e.s dans tout le pays. Fond\u00e9 en 1964, c\u2019est un organisme qui \u0153uvre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du Canada \u00e0 la protection des droits et des libert\u00e9s civiles de toute sa population.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les m\u00e9dias<\/h3>\n
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Pour d'autres commentaires, veuillez nous contacter \u00e0\u00a0media@ccla.org<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pour les mises \u00e0 jour en direct<\/h3>\n
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Veuillez continuer \u00e0 vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0\u00a0cette page<\/a>\u00a0et \u00e0 nos plateformes de m\u00e9dias sociaux. On est dessus\u00a0Instagram<\/u><\/a>,\u00a0Facebook<\/u><\/a>, Twitter<\/u><\/a> et Ciel bleu<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Le quatri\u00e8me et dernier jour des audiences \u00e0 la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada, qui d\u00e9terminera la constitutionnalit\u00e9 du projet de loi 21 et l'utilisation appropri\u00e9e de la clause d\u00e9rogatoire,...","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11864,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[66,253,252,6,31,93,8],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-11917","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-bill-21","8":"category-bill-21-daily-recap","9":"category-democratic-emergency-in-quebec","10":"category-equality","11":"category-fundamental-freedoms","12":"category-major-cases-reports","13":"category-press-release"},"yoast_head":"\nBill 21 at the SCC: Day 4 - 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